第1课时加、减法的意义和各部分间的关系四则运算1优翼www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com已知西宁到格尔木的路程和格尔木到拉萨的路程，要求西宁到拉萨的路程。一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？问题：1.读题，你知道了什么？新课导入一1 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：2.用线段图表示题目中的数量关系。新课导入一一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？1 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com理解题意问题：1.说一说你是怎样画线段图的。探索新知二一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？ www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：2.“西宁到拉萨的铁路长”在图上怎样表示？探索新知二理解题意一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？ www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：3.求西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米，用什么方法？你是怎么想的？探索新知二理解题意一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？ www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com把两个数合并成一个数的运算，叫做加法。相加的两个数叫做加数。814＋1142＝1956加得的数叫做和。加数＋加数＝和探索新知二一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？ www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com明确减法的意义问题：①读题，你知道了什么？西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km，其中西宁到格尔木长814km。格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？（已知西宁到拉萨的路程和西宁到格尔木的路程，要求格尔木到拉萨的路程。）探索新知二西宁到拉萨的铁路长1956km814km？km ②求格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米，用什么方法？你是怎么想的？www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com明确减法的意义1956－814＝1142探索新知二西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km，其中西宁到格尔木长814km。格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？西宁到拉萨的铁路长1956km814km？km 问题：求西宁到格尔木的铁路长多少千米，用什么方法？你是怎么想的？www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com明确减法的意义1956－1142＝814探索新知二西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km，其中格尔木到拉萨长1142km。西宁到格尔木的铁路长多少千米？西宁到拉萨的铁路长1956km1142km？km www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com（1）一列火车从西宁经过格尔木开往拉萨。西宁到格尔木的铁路长814km，格尔木到拉萨的铁路长1142km。西宁到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？814＋1142＝1956探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com（2）西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km，其中西宁到格尔木814km。格尔木到拉萨的铁路长多少千米？1956－814＝1142探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：与第（1）题相比，第（2）、（3）题分别是已知什么？求什么？怎样算？（3）西宁到拉萨的铁路全长1956km，其中格尔木到拉萨长1142km。西宁到格尔木的铁路长多少千米？1956－1142＝814探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：用你自己的话说一说，你认为什么是减法？已知两个数的和与其中的一个加数，求另一个加数的运算，叫做减法。在减法中，已知的和叫做被减数。探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com1.加法各部分间的关系和＝加数＋加数问题：如果知道和与一个加数，能求出另一个加数吗？加数＝和－另一个加数加、减法各部分间的关系探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com2.减法各部分间的关系差＝被减数－减数问题：如果知道被减数和差，能求出减数吗？减数＝被减数－差问题：如果知道减数和差，能求出被减数吗？被减数＝减数＋差探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com3.加法与减法间的关系问题：你认为加法与减法间有什么关系？减法是加法的逆运算。探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com3043－2468＝3043－575＝问题：说一说你是根据什么得出结果的。24681.根据2468＋575＝3043，直接写出下面两道题的得数。575巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com201＋＝300＋193＝258860－＝237－587＝1212.说说下面算式中方框里的数怎么求，依据是什么？并计算出结果。9965623708巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com和=加数+加数加数=和-另一个加数差=被减数-减数减数=被减数-差被减数=减数+差课堂小结四 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com加法减法课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com加法减法课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com203＋147＝350850－239＝6112.根据加、减法各部分间的关系，写出另外两个等式。350－147＝203350－203＝147239＋611＝850850－611＝239课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com56+120=176792-483=309课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com500200328651154357511273课后练习五 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com340+190=254+297=586-98=712-455=530488257551课后练习五