第2课时加法简便计算运算定律3优翼www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com我是口算小能手25＋75＝123＋177＝48＋70＝201＋399＝85＋115＝280＋170＝235＋115＝10＋999＝324＋76＝150＋390＝820＋180＝725＋125＝10060020011845010093003504005401000850复习导入一 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com两个加数交换位置，和不变。这叫做加法交换律。先把前两个数相加，或者先把后两个数相加，和不变。这叫做加法结合律。a+b=b+a(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)复习导入一 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com根据加法运算定律在填上恰当的数。217＋348＋152＝217＋（＋）（25＋68）＋32＝25＋（＋）56＋47＋44＝（56＋）＋47348152326844复习导入一 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：你知道了什么？要求什么？下面是李叔叔后四天的行程计划。按照计划，李叔叔后四天还要骑多少千米？3探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com下面是李叔叔后四天的行程计划。按照计划，李叔叔后四天还要骑多少千米？3知道了李叔叔后四天每天计划要骑的路程，要求的是李叔叔后四天还要骑多少千米。探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：根据题意，你能列式解答吗？115＋132＋118＋85=怎么计算呢？探索新知二按照计划，李叔叔后四天还要骑多少千米？ www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com方法一：方法二：115＋132＋118＋85＝247＋118＋85＝365＋85＝450115＋132＋118＋85＝85＋115＋132＋118＝（85＋115）＋（132＋118）＝200＋250＝450问题：1.你还有别的计算方法吗？2.谁能说一说你对这种解法的理解？探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com问题：方法一：方法二：3.比较两种不同的解法，你喜欢哪种？4.后一种方法为什么计算起来比较简洁？115＋132＋118＋85＝247＋118＋85＝365＋85＝450115＋132＋118＋85＝85＋115＋132＋118＝（85＋115）＋（132＋118）＝200＋250＝450探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com按照计划李叔叔在后四天还要行多少千米？115+132+118+85加法交换律加法结合律＝85＋115＋132＋118＝（85＋115）＋（132＋118）＝　　＋＝450（千米）200250答：李叔叔在后四天还要行450千米。探索新知二 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com425+14+186=425+(14+186)=425+200=62575+168+25=(75+25)+168=100+168=268巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com245+180+20+155=(245+155)+(180+20)=400+200=60067+25+33+75=(67+33)+(25+75)=100+100=200巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com66+113+87+34=(66+34)+(113+87)=100+200答:一共花了300元钱。=300巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com3.下面哪些算式运用了加法运算定律？分别运用了哪些运算定律？76＋18＝18＋76（　　　　　　　　）37＋45＝35＋47（　　　）31＋67＋19＝31＋19＋67（　　　　　　）56＋72＋27＝56＋（72＋27）（　　　　）24＋42＋76＋58＝（24＋76）＋（42＋58）（　　　　　　　　　）加法交换律加法交换律加法结合律加法交换律和加法结合律×巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com4.你会运用加法定律进行计算吗？348＋217＋152＝（＋）＋（25＋68）＋32＝＋（＋）56＋47＋44＝（＋）＋152348326844255647217巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com155元365元45元5.小明一直想要一个滑板、一双耐克牌运动鞋及一把玩具冲锋手枪。妈妈到商场里咨询了一下，这三件商品的价钱如下：你能帮小明妈妈算一算，要想买到这三件商品，得要多少钱？155+365+45=（155+45）+365=565(元)巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com同学们，你们听过数学家高斯小时候的故事吗？1＋2＋3＋……99的和是多少？你知道高斯是怎样计算的吗？你还有别的方法吗？思考题：巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com你能试着用今天学习的知识来解决这个数学问题吗？1+2+3+4+……+99+100=(1+100)+(2+99)+……+(50+51)=101×50=5050巩固练习三 www.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.comwww.youyi100.com在一个加法算式中，当某些加数可凑成整十数或整百数时，运用加法交换律、加法结合律来改变运算顺序，可以使计算简便。课堂小结四